# lib-core.panel

Generic overlay-panel framework. v0.3.0 layers **z-tiers** (hud / normal
/ top), **persistent windows**, and **input-block routing** (none / self
/ all) on top of v0.2.0's multi-active model with 11 named layout-slot
templates + custom-fn hook. Render iterates per-tier (hud → normal →
top); input dispatch iterates reverse (top → hud, within-tier reverse
open-order); modal `input_block="all"` swallows misses.

The single-active model from v0.1.1 is preserved as a backward-
compatibility shim — `panel.open(id)`, `panel.close()`, `panel.is_open()`
without an id-arg keep their old semantics. v0.3.0 additionally makes
`panel.close()` (no arg) a **no-op** when the focused window is
`persistent=true` (so ESC-equivalents cannot dismiss persistent
toolbars/HUDs); use `panel.close(id)` for explicit modder-controlled
close.

**Version:** 0.3.0
**Lib-ID:** lib-core.panel
**Requires:** engine.render.*, engine.input.*, lib-core.input (lazy, for default-trigger)
**Tags:** panel, overlay, ui, input, context-menu, window-manager

## Topology

<!-- topology:start (auto-generated; do not edit) -->
```mermaid
graph LR
  this["lib-core.panel"]
  engine_render["engine.render.*"]
  engine_input["engine.input.*"]
  lib_core_input["lib-core.input"]
  this --> engine_render
  this --> engine_input
  this -.->|lazy| lib_core_input
```
<!-- topology:end -->

## Scope (v0.3.0)

v0.3.0 layers z-tiers + persistent + input-block on top of v0.2.0's
multi-active model, fully backward-compatible with v0.2.0 and v0.1.1
callers. The lib is the generic UI-Framework substrate — domain-free
per ADR-0001/ADR-0049, consumed by Display-Libs (inventory-list-
display, crafting-display, notify-display) and modules (vagrant-
skeleton, map-editor).

### Supported (v0.3.0)

- **Z-tiers**: render order hud → normal → top. Input dispatch reverse
  (top → hud, within-tier reverse open-order).
- **Persistent windows**: `opts.persistent=true` auto-opens at register-
  time. Arg-less `panel.close()` becomes no-op when focused is
  persistent (so ESC/default-trigger cannot dismiss a persistent
  toolbar/HUD). Explicit `panel.close(id)` still closes persistent.
- **Input-block routing**: `opts.input_block` = `"none"` (skip hit-test
  entirely — HUD passes clicks through), `"self"` (hit-test own bounds;
  miss falls through to next window), `"all"` (modal — hit-test self;
  miss is swallowed, never reaches game-layer). Defaults per tier:
  hud→none, normal→self, top→all.
- **Public `panel.point_in_any_panel(x, y)`**: helper for module-side
  canvas-click logic — returns true if (x,y) falls within any open
  panel's bounds. Useful for modules that read input directly via
  `engine.input.*` and want to skip canvas-paint when the click landed
  inside a panel widget.
- Multi-active panels: multiple windows open simultaneously (unchanged
  from v0.2.0).
- 11 layout-slot templates + custom-fn hook (unchanged).
- Bw-Compat-Shim: v0.1.1 `register(id, widget)` ohne opts works
  unchanged; `close()`/`is_open()` ohne arg map to focused = last-
  opened.
- Theme system: shared theme via `set_theme`/`get_theme` (unchanged).
- Context-menu via `show_context_menu` (unchanged).
- Default-trigger key-binding via `bind_default_trigger` (unchanged).

### Deferred (v0.4.0+)

- Click-to-focus and explicit focus()/raise()/lower() API.
- Drag-by-title-bar (draggable opt).
- Resize-by-corner (resizable opt).
- min/max-size constraints + screen-clamp.

### Deferred (post-v0.4.0)

- Window-decoration themes (per-window title-bar styles).
- Touch/mobile input adaptation.
- Window animations (slide-in, fade-in).
- Window groups / tabbed-windows / MDI parent-child hierarchies.
- Save/load of window-bounds across sessions.

## API

### `panel.register(widget_id, widget_def, opts?)`

**Syntax:** `panel.register(widget_id: string, widget_def: table, opts?: table) -> void`

`opts` is optional. Accepted keys:
- `layout` — slot-name string, custom `function(sw, sh) -> {x,y,w,h}`, or
  `nil` (defaults to `"center"`). See the [Layout-Slots](#layout-slots)
  table.
- `z_tier` — `"hud"` | `"normal"` (default) | `"top"`. Controls render
  order (hud → normal → top) and hit-test order (top → normal → hud).
- `persistent` — `bool` (default `false`). If true, the window is open
  from the moment of registration and is exempt from arg-less
  `panel.close()` (modder must close explicitly with `close(id)`).
- `input_block` — `"none"` | `"self"` | `"all"`. Defaults per tier:
  hud→`"none"`, normal→`"self"`, top→`"all"`. See [Input-Block](#input-block-routing-v030).
- `chromeless` — `bool` (default `false`). If true, panel-lib skips its
  own chrome (background, border, title-bar, close-X). The widget gets
  the FULL panel bounds as `ctx.bounds` (no title-bar inset) and must
  render its own background/border. Intended for persistent HUD widgets
  (toolbars, layer-pickers, palettes) that have their own visual style.

**Example:**
```lua
panel.register("inventory", {
    title        = "Inventory",
    pause_on_open = true,
    render       = function(ctx)
        -- ctx.bounds = {x, y, w, h}; ctx.theme; ctx.is_focused
        engine.render.draw_text("(empty)", ctx.bounds.x, ctx.bounds.y,
                                ctx.theme.font_size_body, ctx.theme.text_color)
    end,
    handle_input = function(ctx, event)
        -- event.kind = "click"|"wheel"
        -- event.x, event.y, event.button (click only)
        -- event.dy (wheel only)
    end,
})
```

Registers a widget in the panel registry. `widget_def.render` and
`widget_def.handle_input` must be functions; `widget_def.title` must be a
string. Loud-error on duplicate `widget_id` or missing required fields.

---

### `panel.unregister(widget_id)`

**Syntax:** `panel.unregister(widget_id: string) -> void`

Removes the widget from the registry. If the widget is currently open,
closes it first (removes from open_order; clears any open context-menu
if it was the last open window).

---

### `panel.open(widget_id)`

**Syntax:** `panel.open(widget_id: string) -> void`

Opens `widget_id`. The window is pushed onto the top of `open_order`
(becomes focused). Other open windows remain open. If `widget_id` is
already open, it is brought to the front (re-focused). Loud-error if
`widget_id` has not been registered.

**v0.2.0 change:** `open(id)` no longer closes other open panels.
Multiple panels can be visible simultaneously. See §Bw-Compat Guarantee
below for the migration recipe.

---

### `panel.close(widget_id?)`

**Syntax:** `panel.close(widget_id?: string) -> void`

With `widget_id`: closes that specific window (DOES close persistent
windows — explicit modder action). Without arg (v0.1.1 bw-compat):
closes the focused (last-opened) window — **BUT** v0.3.0 makes this
a no-op when the focused window is `persistent=true`. Clears any open
context-menu when the last open window is closed.

---

### `panel.point_in_any_panel(x, y)`

**Syntax:** `panel.point_in_any_panel(x: number, y: number) -> bool`

**Example:**
```lua
-- In a module's M.update(dt):
local mx, my = engine.input.get_mouse_pos()
if engine.input.was_mouse_pressed(engine.input.MOUSE_LEFT) then
    if not panel.point_in_any_panel(mx, my) then
        -- click landed on canvas — paint!
        canvas.paint(mx, my)
    end
end
```

Returns `true` if screen-coord `(x, y)` falls within the bounds of ANY
currently-open panel window (regardless of z_tier or input_block).
Intended for module-side canvas-click logic — modules read input
directly via `engine.input.*` and can use this helper to skip
canvas-paint when the click landed on a panel widget area. Returns
`false` if no panels are open.

---

### `panel.toggle(widget_id)`

**Syntax:** `panel.toggle(widget_id: string) -> void`

If `widget_id` is currently open, closes it. Otherwise opens it. Handy
for key-binding toggle semantics without manual state tracking.

---

### `panel.is_open(widget_id?)`

**Syntax:** `panel.is_open(widget_id?: string) -> bool`

With `widget_id`: returns `true` iff that specific window is currently
open. Without arg (v0.1.1 bw-compat): returns `true` if ANY window is
open.

---

### `panel.is_pausing()`

**Syntax:** `panel.is_pausing() -> bool`

Returns `true` if ANY currently-open window has `pause_on_open = true`.
Modules can use this to gate their update loop (skip physics/AI while a
pausing panel is open).

---

### `panel.set_theme(overrides)`

**Syntax:** `panel.set_theme(overrides: table) -> void`

**Example:**
```lua
panel.set_theme({
    bg_color   = 0x101010F8,
    padding    = 12,
    font_size_body = 16,
})
```

Merges `overrides` into the active theme. Only keys declared in
`DEFAULT_THEME` are accepted (capability-by-declaration). Loud-error on
any unknown key with message `"panel.set_theme: unknown theme key '<k>'"`.

---

### `panel.get_theme()`

**Syntax:** `panel.get_theme() -> table`

Returns a shallow copy of the current merged theme. Safe to store; does
not alias internal state.

---

### `panel.bind_default_trigger(key, widget_id)`

**Syntax:** `panel.bind_default_trigger(key: string|nil, widget_id: string) -> void`

**Example:**
```lua
panel.register("inventory", { ... })
panel.bind_default_trigger("tab", "inventory")
-- or: panel.bind_default_trigger(nil, "inventory")  -- defaults to "tab"
```

Binds a keyboard key as the default toggle trigger for `widget_id`. `key`
defaults to `"tab"` when `nil`. Lazy-requires `lib-core.input` to avoid
module-load-time cycles. Loud-error if `widget_id` is not registered.

---

### `panel.update(dt)`

**Syntax:** `panel.update(dt: number) -> void`

Must be called each game-update frame. Checks the default trigger key,
reads mouse state, emits edge-detected click events (left and right
independently), and dispatches wheel events. No-ops if no panels are open
(but still tracks mouse state to avoid spurious edges on next open).

---

### `panel.render()`

**Syntax:** `panel.render() -> void`

Must be called each render frame (inside the engine render phase). Draws
the panel background, border, and title, then invokes `widget_def.render(ctx)`.
If a context-menu is open, renders it on top. No-op if no panels are open.

---

### `panel.show_context_menu(x, y, actions)`

**Syntax:** `panel.show_context_menu(x: number, y: number, actions: table) -> void`

**Example:**
```lua
panel.show_context_menu(event.x, event.y, {
    { label = "Use",  callback = function(info) use_item()  end },
    { label = "Drop", callback = function(info) drop_item() end },
})
```

Pops up a context-menu at `(x, y)`. `actions` must be a non-empty array of
`{label: string, callback: function}` tables. Auto-repositions to remain
within the screen boundary. The callback receives `{close_menu: function}`
(which is a no-op in v0.1 since the menu closes itself before invoking the
callback). Click outside any row auto-closes the menu.

---

### `panel._dispatch_event_for_test(event)` — for tests only

**Syntax:** `panel._dispatch_event_for_test(event: table) -> void`

Direct passthrough to the internal `_dispatch_event` function. Allows
test-modules to simulate input events without a running game loop (since
`M.update` is not exercised headless).

---

## v0.2.0 — Multi-Active + Layout-Slots

Multiple panels can now be open at the same time. The previous
single-active model is preserved as the default for v0.1.1 callers via
a backward-compatibility shim.

### Layout-Slots

`panel.register(id, widget_def, {layout = ...})` accepts:

- `nil` → `"center"` default.
- One of the 11 named templates (see table below).
- A custom function `function(sw, sh) -> {x, y, w, h}` for bespoke
  positioning (HP-bar, status-display, etc.).

| Slot | x | y | w | h |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `"center"` (default) | 25% sw | 20% sh | 50% sw | 60% sh |
| `"left"` | 0 | 0 | 40% sw | sh |
| `"right"` | 60% sw | 0 | 40% sw | sh |
| `"top"` | 0 | 0 | sw | 30% sh |
| `"bottom"` | 0 | 70% sh | sw | 30% sh |
| `"top-left"` | 0 | 0 | 40% sw | 50% sh |
| `"top-right"` | 60% sw | 0 | 40% sw | 50% sh |
| `"bottom-left"` | 0 | 50% sh | 40% sw | 50% sh |
| `"bottom-right"` | 60% sw | 50% sh | 40% sw | 50% sh |
| `"left-half"` | 0 | 0 | 50% sw | sh |
| `"right-half"` | 50% sw | 0 | 50% sw | sh |

Unknown slot-name strings raise a loud-error at `panel.register` (so
typos surface immediately, not in the next frame's render). Custom
functions that error at runtime fall back to `"center"` with an
`engine.print` warning.

Bounds are re-resolved every render frame, so layout-slots react to
screen-resizes automatically.

### Multi-Active API

- `panel.open(id)` — opens; does NOT close other open panels. If already
  open, brings to front (re-focused).
- `panel.close(id)` — closes that specific id.
- `panel.close()` — bw-compat: closes the focused (last-opened) panel.
- `panel.is_open(id)` — id-specific.
- `panel.is_open()` — bw-compat: any panel open.
- `panel.is_pausing()` — true if ANY open panel has `pause_on_open=true`.

### Hit-Test Order

Input events dispatch through panels in **reverse open-order** (last-
opened first). A click that hits a panel's bounds is consumed by that
panel and not propagated further. A click that misses all panels is
dropped (v0.2.0 does not route to game; v0.3+ may add that).

Wheel events route to the focused (last-opened) panel only.

### Bw-Compat Guarantee

All v0.1.1 callers (`register(id, widget)` without opts, `open(id)`,
`close()`, `is_open()`) keep their existing semantics. The one
behavioral change: `panel.open(A)` followed by `panel.open(B)` now
leaves BOTH open instead of replacing A.

If you relied on the v0.1.1 "open(B) closes A" behavior, call
`panel.close()` before `panel.open(B)` to keep the single-active idiom.

### Test backdoors (v0.2.0 additions)

- `panel._test_reset_all()` — clears widgets + windows + open_order +
  ctx_menu (theme + triggers preserved).
- `panel._test_get_open_ids()` — array of currently-open ids in
  open-order (last = focused).
- `panel._test_get_focused_id()` — last-opened id, or nil.
- `panel._test_get_window_bounds(id)` — resolved `{x,y,w,h}` for an open
  window, or nil if not open.
- `panel._test_get_screen_size()` — current screen size used by layouts.

## v0.3.0 — Z-Tiers, Persistent, Input-Block

### Z-Tiers

Three rendering tiers, drawn bottom-to-top:

| Tier | Render order | Default `input_block` | Use-case |
|------|--------------|-----------------------|----------|
| `"hud"` | first (background) | `"none"` | HP-bars, status displays, world-overlays |
| `"normal"` | second | `"self"` | Toolbars, persistent panels, workbench windows |
| `"top"` | third (foreground) | `"all"` | Modal dialogs, blocking confirmations |

Within a tier, windows render in `open_order` (later-opened = drawn
later = on top of same-tier earlier-opened). Hit-test iterates reverse
z-tier (top → normal → hud); within tier reverse-open-order
(last-opened first). Unknown tier names raise a loud-error at
`panel.register` (typos surface immediately).

### Persistent Windows

```lua
panel.register("toolbar", widget, {
    z_tier      = "normal",
    layout      = "top",
    persistent  = true,        -- open at register-time
    input_block = "self",
})
```

`persistent=true` pushes the window onto `open_order` immediately and
makes `panel.close()` (no arg) a **no-op** when the window is focused.
Use this for in-game UI that must stay visible (toolbars, layer-pickers,
palettes, HUDs). The modder can still close it explicitly with
`panel.close(widget_id)`.

ESC-equivalent paths (default-trigger keys, arg-less `panel.close()`)
will NOT dismiss persistent panels. This protects users from
accidentally hiding their toolbar.

### Input-Block Routing (v0.3.0)

`opts.input_block` controls whether mouse events are absorbed:

| Value | Behavior |
|-------|----------|
| `"none"` | Window is never hit-tested. Mouse events pass through to lower windows. Use for HUD overlays. |
| `"self"` | Hit-test the window's own bounds. Clicks inside → widget; clicks outside → fall through to next window. Default for normal tier. |
| `"all"` | Modal. Hit-test self; clicks outside the window are swallowed (do not reach lower windows or the game-layer). Default for top tier. |

If any open window has `input_block="all"`, ALL outside-misses are
swallowed at the bottom of dispatch — this is the "modal block"
semantic. Game-layer code (canvas-paint, world-click) should consult
`panel.point_in_any_panel(x, y)` before reacting to clicks, since
panel-lib does not intercept clicks the module reads via `engine.input.*`
directly.

Tier-defaults: hud→`"none"`, normal→`"self"`, top→`"all"`.

### Test backdoors (v0.3.0 additions)

- `panel._test_get_render_order()` — array of widget_ids in the order
  `M.render()` would iterate (per-tier, within-tier open-order).
- `panel._test_get_input_block(id)` — resolved input_block for a
  registered window, or nil.
- `panel._test_get_persistent(id)` — persistent flag for a registered
  window, or nil.

## Theme Schema

| Key | Default | Description |
|-----|---------|-------------|
| `bg_color` | `0x202020F0` | Panel background (RGBA packed) |
| `border_color` | `0x808080FF` | Panel border |
| `text_color` | `0xE0E0E0FF` | Primary text |
| `text_color_dim` | `0xA0A0A0FF` | Dimmed / secondary text |
| `selection_color` | `0x404080FF` | Row / item selection highlight |
| `context_menu_bg` | `0x303030F8` | Context-menu background |
| `context_menu_hover` | `0x404060FF` | Context-menu row hover |
| `font_size_title` | `18` | Title bar font size (px) |
| `font_size_body` | `14` | Content font size (px) |
| `padding` | `8` | Inner padding (px) |
| `row_height` | `24` | Row height for lists / menus (px) |
| `panel_width_frac` | `0.5` | Panel width as fraction of screen |
| `panel_height_frac` | `0.7` | Panel height as fraction of screen |

## Widget-Lifecycle-Contract

Widget `render(ctx)` is called each render frame while the widget is open.
Widget `handle_input(ctx, event)` is called for each dispatched input event.

Both receive a `ctx` table:

```lua
ctx = {
    bounds = {
        x = number,  -- content area top-left x
        y = number,  -- content area top-left y
        w = number,  -- content area width
        h = number,  -- content area height
    },
    theme      = table,   -- current merged theme (read-only by convention)
    is_focused = bool,    -- true when this widget is the focused one (last-opened)
}
```

The `event` table passed to `handle_input`:

```lua
-- Mouse click:
event = { kind = "click", x = number, y = number, button = "left"|"right" }

-- Mouse wheel:
event = { kind = "wheel", dy = number }  -- dy > 0 = scroll up, dy < 0 = scroll down
```

Context-menu intercepts clicks before they reach `handle_input`. The widget
calls `panel.show_context_menu(x, y, actions)` from within `handle_input`
when a right-click (or any application-specific trigger) warrants a menu.

## Glue-Pattern

Minimal module setup (copy-paste-able):

```lua
local panel = require("lib-core.panel")

-- 1. Register your widget once (e.g. in module init or M.load)
panel.register("inventory", {
    title         = "Inventory",
    pause_on_open = true,
    render        = function(ctx) inventory_ui.draw(ctx) end,
    handle_input  = function(ctx, event) inventory_ui.on_input(ctx, event) end,
})

-- 2. Bind a toggle key (optional; defaults to Tab)
panel.bind_default_trigger("i", "inventory")

-- 3. Wire into your module's update + render
function M.update(dt)
    panel.update(dt)
    if not panel.is_pausing() then
        -- normal game logic here
    end
end

function M.render()
    -- ... draw world ...
    panel.render()  -- draws panel overlay on top
end
```